A monocrystalline solar panel is an assembly of several monocrystalline silicon solar cells assembled on a board in a certain way. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, and the highest reaches 24%. This is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells, but the production cost is so high that it cannot be widely used in large quantities. ground use. Because monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated with tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is durable and its service life can generally reach 15 years, and the maximum can reach 25 years. It is mostly used in the production and use of high-quality solar lamps, and the charging conversion efficiency is higher than that of polycrystalline solar panels.
At present, crystalline silicon materials (including polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon) are the most important photovoltaic materials, with a market share of more than 90%, and will still be the mainstream material for solar cells for a long period of time in the future. The production technology of polysilicon materials has been in the hands of 10 factories of 7 companies in 3 countries including the United States, Japan and Germany for a long time, forming a situation of technology blockade and market monopoly. The demand for polysilicon mainly comes from semiconductors and solar cells. According to different purity requirements, it is divided into electronic grade and solar grade. Among them, electronic-grade polysilicon accounts for about 55%, and solar-grade polysilicon accounts for 45%. With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the demand for polysilicon for solar cells is growing faster than the development of semiconductor polysilicon. Demand will outstrip electronic-grade polysilicon. In 1994, the total output of solar cells in the world was only 69MW, but in 2004 it was close to 1200MW, an increase of 17 times in just 10 years. Experts predict that the solar photovoltaic industry will surpass nuclear power to become one of the most important basic energy sources in the first half of the 21st century.