In recent years, with the promotion of the "dual carbon" target, new energy industries such as wind power and photovoltaics have entered a period of rapid development. But I believe everyone is well aware of the current situation in the photovoltaic industry. The intermittency and volatility of wind power and photovoltaics pose a bottleneck to the grid's ability to absorb clean energy. Currently, it can only accommodate about 15% of clean energy. Meanwhile, the rapid rise of the new energy vehicle market has also brought about a shortage of charging stations. In order to solve these problems, a new energy solution called "integrated light storage and charging" has emerged. The integration of light storage and charging can not only effectively alleviate the instability of new energy generation, but also meet the demand for charging facilities for the rapid growth of electric vehicles, providing a new idea for achieving the "dual carbon" goal. Since the beginning of this year, integrated solar energy storage and charging projects have been successively implemented in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other places, demonstrating the broad application prospects of this technology. So what is an integrated solution for light storage and charging?
1. What is integrated light storage and charging?
Integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging is a comprehensive energy solution that integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage systems, and charging facilities. Its core is to use microgrid technology to combine scattered small power generation units (distributed power sources), energy storage devices, and electric vehicle charging piles within a certain area, forming a comprehensive integrated system of power generation, distribution, utilization, and management. The integration of light storage and charging usually consists of the following parts:
Photovoltaic power generation system: Install photovoltaic modules on the roof or carport of buildings. Based on the installation area and transformer capacity, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation can be preliminarily calculated. The nominal capacity of energy storage batteries, the number of charging spaces for electric vehicles, and other configurations.
Energy storage system:
① Energy storage battery: It includes battery modules as storage media, and the battery management system (BMS) collects, processes, and stores important information during the operation of the battery pack in real time, exchanges information with external devices, and provides real-time alarms and protection during the operation of the battery pack.
② Energy Management System (EMS) is a monitoring system for system monitoring, power control, and energy management of energy storage stations, microgrids, integrated new energy storage projects, and other types of projects. It can achieve centralized monitoring of BMS and PCS of energy storage power stations, unified operation, maintenance, repair, and management, and has advanced control functions such as real-time monitoring, diagnosis and warning, panoramic analysis, etc. It can quickly cut off faults, relieve power grid pressure during peak load periods, reduce power grid operating costs, and improve economic benefits.
Charging facilities: including DC fast charging stations and AC slow charging stations, used to provide efficient and reliable charging services for electric vehicles.
Intelligent control system: Coordinate the operation of photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging facilities, improve system efficiency through real-time data monitoring and optimization algorithms.
① Grid connected state: When the power supply of the grid is normal, if the photovoltaic can generate electricity, the photovoltaic modules convert it into 380V AC power through the photovoltaic inverter and transmit the electrical energy to the AC bus of the entire plant, jointly supplying power to the load with the grid. If the photovoltaic power generation does not meet the load power of the entire plant, energy storage is needed for discharge to reduce the use of power in the grid. Photovoltaic power generation needs to adhere to the principle of spontaneous self use. When the photovoltaic power generation exceeds the overall load power of the plant, energy storage needs to be charged to minimize the amount of electricity generated to the grid.
② Off grid state: In the event of unstable power grid or planned power outages or restrictions, the energy storage system can provide signals and, in conjunction with STS devices or controllable contactors and circuit breakers, disconnect critical loads from the grid. PCS switches to off grid mode, PCS cooperates with the voltage source of photovoltaic inverter to supply power to the load together; In the absence of a photovoltaic system, PCS needs to serve as a voltage source to ensure normal power supply to the entire plant load. The entire control process is implemented by an energy management system (EMS) to ensure continuous and optimal power supply to the load.
2. Advantages and significance of integrated light storage and charging solution
① Efficient utilization of clean energy: reducing dependence on traditional fossil fuels. At the same time, the addition of energy storage systems can alleviate the volatility problem of photovoltaic power generation and improve the consumption capacity of clean energy.
② Relieve the pressure on the power grid: Through energy storage technology, peak shaving and valley filling can be achieved to reduce the impact of peak electricity consumption on the power grid. Meanwhile, the distributed generation model reduces the losses caused by long-distance power transmission.
③ Flexibility and modularity: The photovoltaic storage and charging system has high flexibility and can adjust the photovoltaic installed capacity, energy storage capacity, and charging pile configuration according to specific needs to adapt to different application scenarios.
④ Green and low-carbon: The overall operation of the system is mainly based on photovoltaic power generation, which can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions and meet the requirements of the "dual carbon" goal.
⑤ Intelligent management: Through intelligent control systems, the integration of light storage and charging can achieve dynamic power scheduling and resource optimization, improving the operational efficiency and economy of the system.
⑥ Assist in the popularization of new energy vehicles: The integration of light storage and charging combines new energy generation with charging facilities to provide green energy support for electric vehicles, while alleviating the shortage of charging infrastructure and promoting the healthy development of the new energy vehicle market.
3. Application scenarios and their profit models
Commercial complex: Construct an integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system within a commercial park or complex to provide charging services for electric vehicles in the park, while utilizing photovoltaic power generation to reduce the park's electricity costs.
Industrial park: Deploy photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems in the industrial park to provide stable green energy for industrial users, and provide charging services for logistics vehicles in the park.
Transportation hub: Install integrated light storage and charging systems at high-speed railway stations, airports and other transportation hubs to meet the charging needs of a large number of electric vehicles and optimize regional power supply.
Community and public facilities: Install photovoltaic charging systems in residential communities to provide green energy and convenient charging facilities for residents.
